【学术视点】当水变得浑浊时大声疾呼：基于不确定性的模型，将感知的组织政治与员工的声音联系起来

Speaking Up When Water Is Murky: An Uncertainty-Based Model Linking Perceived Organizational Politics to Employee Voice

Chenwei Li; Jian Liang *; Jiing-Lih Farh

Journal of Management

About the author

Chenwei Li, San Francisco State University

Jian Liang, Tongji University

Jiing-Lih Farh, China Europe International Business School

Keywords

employee voice; perceived organizational politics; psychological uncertainty; job autonomy; job security

Abstract

员工的声音被认为是成本和收益的认知计算所致。但是，尚不清楚员工是否以及何时在语音成本和收益难以评估的情况下大声疾呼。这项研究的目的是通过探讨员工感知的组织政治（POP）的影响来回答这个问题，在这种社会背景下，复杂的人际关系使得很难预测语音的结果-对激励语音和禁止语音的影响。实验方案研究和时滞研究的结果表明，即使在控制了心理安全性并感到有发声义务之后，POP仍通过心理不确定性而与这两种类型的语音负相关。此外，工作自主性减弱了心理不确定性对激励声音的负面影响，而工作安全减弱了心理不确定性对禁忌声音的负面影响。研究结果不仅表明心理不确定性是一种将POP等不可预测的社会环境与员工声音联系起来的可行机制，而且还为可能减轻其负面影响的补救措施提供了见识。讨论了对理论和实践的影响。

Employee voice is thought to result from a cognitive calculus of costs and benefits. However, it is not known whether and when employees speak up in contexts where the costs and benefits of voice are not readily assessed. The purpose of this research is to answer this question by exploring the impact of employees’ perceived organizational politics (POP)—a social context in which complicated interpersonal relationships make it difficult to predict the outcomes of voice—on promotive and prohibitive voice. Results from an experimental scenario study and a time-lagged field study revealed that POP is negatively related to the two types of voice through psychological uncertainty, even after controlling for psychological safety and felt obligation to voice. Furthermore, job autonomy weakened the negative influence of psychological uncertainty on promotive voice, whereas job security weakened the negative influence of psychological uncertainty on prohibitive voice. Not only do the findings demonstrate psychological uncertainty as a viable mechanism that links unpredictable social contexts such as POP to employee voice, but they also offer insight into the remedies that might mitigate its negative impact. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.